*2 Postdoctoral Fellowships in Ecology, Evolution and Genomics of Climate Adaptation* *Universidade de São Paulo (Brazil)* We have two FAPESP postdoctoral fellowships available to work at Rodrigo Cogni' lab at the Ecology department, Biosciences Institute, Universidade de Sao Paulo in Brazil. The postdoctoral fellow will work on some of the following projects: (1) Clinal adaptation in South American *D. melanogaster* populations at the phenotypic and genomic levels, (2) Climate adaptation in Neotropical drosophilid species from the Atlantic Forest and the Cerrado savannah, (3) The influence of gut bacteria and the endosymbiont *Wolbachia* on climate adaptations, (4) The interactions among Neotropical drosophilids, *Wolbachia* and viruses. Overall in the next few years our group will be working on a project that have five main innovative features: (1) the use of modern next-generation sequencing technologies integrated with laboratory and field studies on natural populations, (2) the use of extensive material that has been in storage for 20 years, to understand long-term genome wide responses to global warming, (3) our project is the first study to investigate clinal variation in natural populations of *D. melanogaster* in South America over a broad geographical range, (4) we will investigate climate adaptation in a highly integrated way, from genomes and transcriptomes to phenotypes, including a very innovative mapping approach, and the influence of gut microbiota and the symbiont *Wolbachia*, and (5) we will use natural population of extremely diverse neotropical drosophilids and their interactions with *Wolbachia* and viruses to understand climate adaptation and evolution of ecological interactions. Fellows will have the opportunity to guide the direction of the research depending on their interests and to collaborate on other projects at the Cogni's lab. The initial fellowship would be for two years, with the possibility of renewing it for an additional two years. There is also the possibility to apply for a Research Abroad Fellowship to spend an additional year in one of our international collaborators or any research group abroad. FAPESP pays 12,000.00 reais/month (tax free), relocation costs and 14,400 reais/year for training, conferences, and research expenses. We are seeking highly motivated candidates who have a deep interest in this area of research. Previous experience of some of the approaches that will be used in the project is preferable but not required. Applicants must have a PhD in evolutionary biology, ecology, genetics, or related fields. To be considered, please submit the following material by email to Prof. Rodrigo Cogni (rcogni@usp.br): 1. Cover letter outlining your interests and suitability for the position 2. Curriculum vitae 3. Up to three examples of published papers 5. Names and contact information of two references. Application deadline: January 26th, 2025. Start date: Ideally early 2025, but flexible. Address questions about the application/nomination process to Prof. Rodrigo Cogni (rcogni@usp.br) We support diversity and encourage applications from women and groups under-represented in science. Rodrigo Cogni Associate Professor, Department of Ecology, Universidade de São Paulo Rua do Matão 321, Trav. 14 (sala 358) Cid. Universitária, São Paulo-SP CEP: 05508-090 Brazil E-mails: rcogni@usp.br and rodrigocogni@gmail.com http://ecologia.ib.usp.br/ecoevo/ Rodrigo Cogni (to subscribe/unsubscribe the EvolDir send mail to golding@mcmaster.ca)