Volume 633 Issue 8030, 19 September 2024

World leaders are restarting their engagement with the Taliban — yet the rights of half of the population is not on their official agenda.

Ensuring that clinics in low- and middle-income countries are well-stocked with high-quality antibiotics could help physicians to treat millions of people each year and slow the spread of drug resistance.

Discovery could help to identify ways to prevent relapse into opioid usage.

The aquatic mammals disperse seeds of their favourite foods as they migrate, according to a serendipitous study of their poo.

Scientists create textiles with just the right weave and yarn to keep biting insects at bay.

Extremely remote islands are more likely than less isolated ones to have a high number of endemic languages.

Sources say the nations are close to a deal, but the looming US presidential election is probably bogging it down.

The first face transplant to also include an eyeball was a surgical coup — but restoring vision remains a challenge.

The Pathoplexus database has sequences from Ebola, West Nile virus and another dangerous pathogen.

Telling people about the consensus among scientists can help, study finds, but researchers think that personal conversations are needed, too.

Genomic analysis reveals a host of genetic variants that affect how quickly fertility ends, among them one that reduces reproductive span by six years.

The Polaris Dawn crew are testing a new spacesuit design and running 36 experiments while orbiting Earth.

Study in China finds viruses that could infect people are rampant in farms breeding mink, raccoon dogs and foxes for their fur.

Gene and cell therapies bring fresh hope to people with genetic disorders, but recovery can be complex and long-term support remains sparse.

It was modelled after DARPA, the hugely successful US tech funder. Can Britain’s Advanced Research and Invention Agency — ARIA — create revolutionary innovations?

Can science be a route to peace and common understanding? A glance at the history of one institution shows: only when scientists actively commit to it.

An epic exploration of human history examines how the poor and powerless have fought back — time and again — against those seeking to profit from the planet’s natural resources.

Ahead of a United Nations meeting on the global challenge of drug-resistant infections, Nature asked health-care experts in emerging economies to describe what would address the issue in their country or region most effectively.

To avoid the restrictions of paywalls, researchers must often pay an article-processing fee. Nature explores ways to offset the cost.

Artificial-intelligence models are typically used online, but a host of openly available tools is changing that. Here’s how to get started with local AIs.

Yakamoz Kizildas collects the DNA of humpback whales to learn about their behaviour in the North Atlantic ocean.

Swirling magnetic structures move through a material in ways that depend on their interactions with mobile electrons. Fresh insight into how to control this electrodynamic effect could lead to ultracompact magnetic devices.

The human brain is usually considered to be beyond the reach of most immune cells. However, analysis of people who have brain tumours has revealed tumour-targeting T cells of the immune system in skull bones near the cancer site.

By mining large-population genetic data sets, researchers identify the key factors controlling menopause timing, and reveal a close connection between reproductive longevity, cancer risk and new mutations in children.

By smashing protons together at blinding speeds, scientists have shown that pairs of quarks display the phenomenon of quantum entanglement. The result could lead to fresh insight about one of the forces holding nuclei together.

Biologists would love to be able to read out the amino-acid sequence of any protein molecule as they would the letters of a sentence. A system in which a biological motor pulls proteins through a pore brings the dream closer to reality.

Boosting the heart’s natural countermeasures against poor function is one way to treat heart failure, but existing therapies need to be given frequently. An antibody with enduring effects could offer a solution.

Radio images reveal distant black hole jets of cosmological length, suggesting that the environmental impact of supermassive black holes extends further in space and time than previously thought.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

Signatures of magnetism control by the flow of angular momentum are observed in Pt/Al/Fe/GaAs(001) multilayers by the application of an in-plane charge current in Pt.

The emergent electrodynamics induced by skyrmion lattice motion in Gd₂PdSi₃ is facilitated by its giant topological Hall effect dynamic transition, and implies the emergent Galilean relativity of current-driven skyrmions.

Harnessing precise molecular kinetics, a 14-bit, energy-efficient dot product engine is realized that unlocks neuromorphic hardware’s potential for core computations.

A molecular aggregate formed in a two-dimensional organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite superlattice with a near-equilibrium distance is shown to have a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield like that of single molecules, despite being in an aggregated state.

A polymer-like ultrahigh-strength TiNi alloy was fabricated by a simple three-step process to give a combination of a polymer-like ultralow elastic modulus and a steel-like ultrahigh yield strength over a wide temperature range, and such exotic properties arise from a unique strain glass state.

Rapid ocean deoxygenation during the Early Cretaceous OAE1a is shown to provide evidence for a strong link between volcanic CO₂ emissions, weathering and ocean oxygen content that is characterized by a climate threshold.

In situ experimental findings from six contrasting oceanic regimes, at multiple mesopelagic depths, are used to determine the mechanisms that drive microbially mediated carbon flux attenuation in the oceanic biological pump.

A newly identified emergent constraint applied to a key drought metric reduces uncertainty in future predictions of the longest annual dry spells, revealing that their increase due to climate change will be 40–50% greater than climate models project at present.

We conduct experiments in a wave tank and show that waves with realistic three-dimensional spreading can become two times steeper than two-dimensional waves before breaking, with three breaking regimes identified.

Analyses focusing on protein-truncating variants from 106,973 women from in the UK Biobank identify variants in genes that reinforce the link between reproductive lifespan in women and cancer risk in both sexes.

The mosquito Aedes aegypti can detect humans through infrared radiation for highly effective mid-range navigation.

Precision functional mapping shows that the frontostriatal salience network occupies nearly twice as much of the cortex in people with depression, and this was unaffected by mood changes and detected in children before onset of symptoms.

A comprehensive cell atlas of the aged prefrontal cortex identifies two distinct cellular trajectories of ageing driven by specific glial and neuronal subpopulations, some of which are associated with clinicopathologic traits that define Alzheimer’s disease.

Nitrospira inopinata and probably most other comammox microorganisms can grow on the non-conventional substrate guanidine as the sole source of energy, reductant and nitrogen.

Durable agonism of NPR1 achieved with a novel investigational monoclonal antibody could mirror the positive hemodynamic changes in blood pressure and heart failure identified in humans with lifelong exposure to NPR1 coding variants.

A technique for threading long protein strands through a nanopore by electrophoresis and back using a protein unfoldase motor, ClpX, enables single protein molecules to be analyzed multiple times with single-amino-acid sensitivity.

We show that target-induced proximity labelling enables isolation of first-division CD8 chimeric antigen receptor T cells that asymmetrically distribute their surface proteome and transcriptome, resulting in distinct phenotypic, metabolic and functional profiles in proximal and distal daughter cells.

Oncogenic RAS dose-escalation models are used to explore how the level of RAS determines whether cells enter a senescent state or have tumour-initiating activity.

A single-cell genome-wide DNA replication atlas of pre-implantation mouse embryos reveals an abrupt replication program switch accompanied by a transient period of genomic instability.

Combined phylogenetic analyses and glycoprotein structure prediction across the Flaviviridae reveals divergent membrane fusion systems and provides insights into the complex evolutionary history within this family of viruses.

Structural studies of a homodimeric arrangement of hepatitis C virus envelope E1/E2 heterodimers reveals the molecular basis of intracomplex interactions and  provides mechanistic insights into neutralizing antibody evasion and membrane fusion with host cells.

Structural comparison of predicted viral protein structures with known protein structures suggests taxonomic relationships and functions for up to 25% of unannotated viral proteins, including many with putative functions in host immune evasion.

Cotranslational N-terminal methionine excision and acetylation of eukaryotic proteins on ribosomes is coordinated by the nascent polypeptide-associated complex.