Sexual selection, one of the central pillars of evolutionary theory, has powerful effects on organismal morphology, behavior, and population dynamics. However, current knowledge about geographical variation in this evolutionary mechanism and its underlying drivers remains highly incomplete, in part because standardized data on the strength of sexual selection is sparse even for well-studied organisms. Barber et al. use information on mating systems—including the incidence of polygamy and extra-pair paternity—to estimate the intensity of sexual selection in the world’s birds. Overall, their analyses suggest that climatic conditions leading to short, intense breeding seasons, or highly abundant and patchy food resources, increase the potential for polygamy in birds, driving latitudinal gradients in sexual selection. By presenting selection scores and associated uncertainty for 10,671 (>99.9%) bird species, Barber et al. provide a global template for future research on the causes and consequences of sexual selection, also highlighting gaps in knowledge. For example, further research is required to understand the mating systems of many tropical bird species – including the black-bellied sunbird (Cinnyris nectarinioides) pictured here.
Image Credit: Joseph Tobias
Essay
How do mammals convert dynamic odor information into neural maps for landscape navigation?
PLOS Biology: published November 21, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002908
Consensus View
Reconstructing the last common ancestor of all eukaryotes
PLOS Biology: published November 25, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002917
Perspectives
Queer- and trans-inclusive faculty hiring—A call for change
PLOS Biology: published November 22, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002919
A call for research to address the threat of paper mills
PLOS Biology: published November 22, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002931
Harnessing plant biosynthesis for the development of next-generation therapeutics
PLOS Biology: published November 5, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002886
Mining biology for antibiotic discovery
PLOS Biology: published November 26, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002946
Primers
Social learning is triggered by environmental cues in immigrant birds
PLOS Biology: published November 15, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002904
Related Articles
Youthful insight: Nitrogen sequestration in larvae provides clues to coral bleaching
PLOS Biology: published November 13, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002890
Related Articles
Gather your neurons and model together: Community times ahead
PLOS Biology: published November 6, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002839
Related Articles
Making sense of cilia: The role of intraflagellar transport
PLOS Biology: published November 27, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002924
Related Articles
Research Articles
Climate and ecology predict latitudinal trends in sexual selection inferred from avian mating systems
PLOS Biology: published November 4, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002856
Coral larvae increase nitrogen assimilation to stabilize algal symbiosis and combat bleaching under increased temperature
PLOS Biology: published November 12, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002875
Related Articles
Turnover of retroelements and satellite DNA drives centromere reorganization over short evolutionary timescales in Drosophila
PLOS Biology: published November 21, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002911
Microbial occurrence and symbiont detection in a global sample of lichen metagenomes
PLOS Biology: published November 7, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002862
The strength of interspecies interaction in a microbial community determines its susceptibility to invasion
PLOS Biology: published November 7, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002889
Trajectories of human brain functional connectome maturation across the birth transition
PLOS Biology: published November 19, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002909
Spatiotemporal integration of contextual and sensory information within the cortical hierarchy in human pain experience
PLOS Biology: published November 13, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002910
Decrease in decision noise from adolescence into adulthood mediates an increase in more sophisticated choice behaviors and performance gain
PLOS Biology: published November 14, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002877
High-level visual prediction errors in early visual cortex
PLOS Biology: published November 11, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002829
Thalamic spindles and Up states coordinate cortical and hippocampal co-ripples in humans
PLOS Biology: published November 19, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002855
Dopamine neurons that inform Drosophila olfactory memory have distinct, acute functions driving attraction and aversion
PLOS Biology: published November 18, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002843
Presynaptic cAMP-PKA-mediated potentiation induces reconfiguration of synaptic vesicle pools and channel-vesicle coupling at hippocampal mossy fiber boutons
PLOS Biology: published November 18, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002879
Elevated vesicular Zn2+ in dorsal root ganglion neurons expressing the transporter TMEM163 causes age-associated itchy skin in mice
PLOS Biology: published November 27, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002888
Cilia structure and intraflagellar transport differentially regulate sensory response dynamics within and between C. elegans chemosensory neurons
PLOS Biology: published November 26, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002892
Related Articles
Spatiotemporal requirements of nuclear β-catenin define early sea urchin embryogenesis
PLOS Biology: published November 12, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002880
Apoptotic extracellular vesicles carrying Mif regulate macrophage recruitment and compensatory proliferation in neighboring epithelial stem cells during tissue maintenance
PLOS Biology: published November 4, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002194
DRN facilitates WUS transcriptional regulatory activity by chromatin remodeling to regulate shoot stem cell homeostasis in Arabidopsis
PLOS Biology: published November 8, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002878
CD74 promotes the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer in mice by inducing the expansion of tolerogenic dendritic cells and regulatory B cells
PLOS Biology: published November 22, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002905
Mitochondrial calcium uptake orchestrates vertebrate pigmentation via transcriptional regulation of keratin filaments
PLOS Biology: published November 11, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002895
Reconstructed influenza A/H3N2 infection histories reveal variation in incidence and antibody dynamics over the life course
PLOS Biology: published November 7, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002864
A cytoplasmic form of EHMT1N methylates viral proteins to enable inclusion body maturation and efficient viral replication
PLOS Biology: published November 7, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002871
Rho1 and Rgf1 establish a new actin-dependent signal to determine growth poles in yeast independently of microtubules and the Tea1–Tea4 complex
PLOS Biology: published November 7, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002491
Quorum sensing in Vibrio controls carbon metabolism to optimize growth in changing environmental conditions
PLOS Biology: published November 11, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002891
Systematic characterization of plant-associated bacteria that can degrade indole-3-acetic acid
PLOS Biology: published November 26, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002921
Niche-specific metabolic phenotypes can be used to identify antimicrobial targets in pathogens
PLOS Biology: published November 18, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002907
Deep mutational scanning of H5 hemagglutinin to inform influenza virus surveillance
PLOS Biology: published November 12, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002916
A strategy to design protein-based antagonists against type I cytokine receptors
PLOS Biology: published November 26, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002883
Short Reports
Immigrant birds learn from socially observed differences in payoffs when their environment changes
PLOS Biology: published November 14, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002699
Related Articles
Excess mortality of infected ectotherms induced by warming depends on pathogen kingdom and evolutionary history
PLOS Biology: published November 18, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002900
The human posterior parietal cortices orthogonalize the representation of different streams of information concurrently coded in visual working memory
PLOS Biology: published November 21, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002915
Evolutionarily conserved brainstem architecture enables gravity-guided vertical navigation
PLOS Biology: published November 12, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002902
Methods and Resources
Community-based reconstruction and simulation of a full-scale model of the rat hippocampus CA1 region
PLOS Biology: published November 5, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002861
Related Articles
Transcriptomic analysis of the 12 major human breast cell types reveals mechanisms of cell and tissue function
PLOS Biology: published November 5, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002820
Stochastic models allow improved inference of microbiome interactions from time series data
PLOS Biology: published November 21, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002913
MosAIC: An annotated collection of mosquito-associated bacteria with high-quality genome assemblies
PLOS Biology: published November 15, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002897
Biofilm dispersal patterns revealed using far-red fluorogenic probes
PLOS Biology: published November 25, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002928
Meta-Research Article
Biomedical researchers’ perspectives on the reproducibility of research
PLOS Biology: published November 5, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002870
Discovery Report
Humans and great apes visually track event roles in similar ways
PLOS Biology: published November 26, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002857