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Current Issue of PLoSBiology

Current Issue | PLOS Biology
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Table of Contents

June 2026

Cover

Fungi enhance microbial carbon retention in high Arctic fjord sediment
Issue Image

Fungi serve as critical biological carbon storage reservoirs in soil ecosystems, but whether this fungal trait is also important for marine sediment carbon storage processes is poorly understood. Trejos-Espeleta et al. quantify for the first time the assimilation of dissolved free amino acids by fungi in marine sediments from a high Arctic fjord and show that a distinct community of marine fungi promote the stabilization of assimilated carbon with a relatively high metabolic efficiency. This corresponds to higher in situ ratios of fungi:prokaryote biomass in the fjord benthos, indicating that efficient fungal metabolism promotes increased retention of microbial biomass at the seafloor. Quantitative stable isotope probing links this efficient assimilation of amino acids to more than 80 fungal taxa in the fjord sediments, primarily associated with aquatic hyphomycetes. These results indicate that fungal metabolism and biomass in marine sediment should be considered as an important contributor to seafloor carbon storage. The image shows a photograph taken from the northern coast of Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) in summer of 2024, facing east. This is the sampling site for this study; the large marine terminating glacier in the distance is the Kongsvegen glacier.

Image Credit: James Bradley

Essays

Biotic interactions biogeography: A framework for understanding how species interactions shape biodiversity patterns across scales

Nuria Galiana, Miguel B. Araújo

PLOS Biology: published June 15, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003813

What sets the mutation rate of a cell type in an animal species?

Marc de Manuel, Molly Przeworski, Natanael Spisak, Anastasia Stolyarova

PLOS Biology: published June 8, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003799

Life Identification Numbers: A strain nomenclature approach to aid epidemiological surveillance of bacterial pathogens

Federica Palma, Melanie Hennart, Keith A. Jolley, Chiara Crestani, Kelly L. Wyres, Sebastien Bridel, Corin A. Yeats, Bryan Brancotte, Brice Raffestin, Sophia David, Margaret M.C. Lam, Radosław Izdebski, Virginie Passet, Carla Rodrigues, Martin Rethoret-Pasty, Audrey Combary, Solene Cottis, Martin C.J. Maiden, David M. Aanensen, Kathryn E. Holt, Alexis Criscuolo, Sylvain Brisse

PLOS Biology: published June 4, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003781

Perspective

Will the widespread use of large language models in scientific writing undermine scientists’ critical thinking?

Lucas M. Bietti, Adrian Bangerter

PLOS Biology: published June 3, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003801

Primers

The fungal blind spot: Why marine carbon models ignore a key player

Marlis Reich

PLOS Biology: published June 17, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003840

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  1. Fungi enhance microbial carbon retention in high Arctic fjord sediment

Do delta waves in the receiver’s brain explain slow tempos of animal communication signals?

Mingzi Xu, Lata Kalra

PLOS Biology: published June 10, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003814

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It’s not just the phase: Frequency-dependent tuning of neuronal firing

Ying Yao, Simon Hanslmayr

PLOS Biology: published June 24, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003846

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Unusual decay: Recombination loss leads to splicing errors in green algae

Anamaria Necsulea

PLOS Biology: published June 26, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003851

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Community Pages

Introducing COSIG: The Collection of Open Science Integrity Guides

Yagmur Ozturk, Solal Pirelli, Reese A. K. Richardson

PLOS Biology: published June 10, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003817

Web-based collaborative model development in interdisciplinary consortia: Design principles and practical guidance

Marvin van Aalst, Alienor Lahlou, Tanvir Hassan, William Gaultier, David Colliaux, Anna Matuszyńska

PLOS Biology: published June 23, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003825

Research Articles

Fungi enhance microbial carbon retention in high Arctic fjord sediment

Juan Carlos Trejos-Espeleta, James A. Bradley, Ömer K. Coskun, Laura M. Wehrmann, Gonzalo V. Gomez-Saez, William D. Orsi

PLOS Biology: published June 16, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003783

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Levels of additive genetic variation vary substantially between species

Lillith C. Zijmers, Katie L. Abson, Jarrod D. Hadfield, Adam Eyre-Walker

PLOS Biology: published June 18, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003819

Evolutionary inference reveals global natural histories and predicted pathways of antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae

Olav N. L. Aga, Sabrina J. Moyo, Joel Manyahi, Upendo Kibwana, Iren H. Löhr, Nina Langeland, Bjørn Blomberg, Iain G. Johnston

PLOS Biology: published June 12, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003848

Eco-evolutionary feedbacks drive the co-occurrence of restriction-modification systems and antimicrobial resistance genes in bacteria

Joseph Westley, Paritosh Bedekar, Elizabeth Pursey, Mark D. Szczelkun, Mario Recker, Stineke van Houte, Edze R. Westra

PLOS Biology: published June 15, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003842

Audiomotor prediction errors drive speech adaptation even in the absence of overt movement

Benjamin Parrell, Minju Bae, Chris Naber, Olivia A. Kim, Caroline A. Niziolek, Samuel D. McDougle

PLOS Biology: published June 15, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003862

Human neuronal firing varies with the frequency of local field potential oscillations

Zahra Jourahmad, Raissa K. Mathura, Layth S. Mattar, Melissa C. Franch, Danika L. Paulo, Mohammed Hasen, Nicole R. Provenza, Benjamin Y. Hayden, Sameer A. Sheth, Eleonora Bartoli, Andrew J. Watrous

PLOS Biology: published June 23, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003818

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The human claustrum supports cognitive networks for externally and internally driven task demands

Brent W. Stewart, Matthew A. Cormie, Michael L. Keaser, Massieh Moayedi, Brian N. Mathur, David A. Seminowicz

PLOS Biology: published June 26, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003843

Aging and metabolism contribute separately to brain–body health

Asa Farahani, Zhen-Qi Liu, Filip Morys, Roqaie Moqadam, Yashar Zeighami, Mahsa Dadar, Alain Dagher, Bratislav Misic

PLOS Biology: published June 15, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003856

Adiponectin exerts sex-dependent effects on lipid, amino acid, and glucose metabolism during caloric restriction

Yoshiko M. Ikushima, Kuan-Chan Chen, Richard J. Sulston, Domenico Mattiucci, Eleanor J. Brain, Stefanie A. Fung Xin Zi, Karla J. Suchacki, Benjamin J. Thomas, Andrea Lovdel, Matthew Bennett, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Phillip D. Whitfield, Keiyo Takubo, Andrew H. Baker, Nicholas M. Morton, Robert K. Semple, William P. Cawthorn

PLOS Biology: published June 18, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003821

The total mass, copy number, and distribution of hormones in the human bloodstream

Ron Sender, Tal Kedar, Yoav Navon, Moriya Raz, Shirley Bikel, Rina Hemi, Ron Milo, Shai Fuchs

PLOS Biology: published June 22, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003864

The microglia-derived protein Sema4ab attenuates regenerative neurogenesis after spinal cord injury in zebrafish

Alberto Docampo-Seara, Mehmet Ilyas Cosacak, Kim Heilemann, Friederike Kessel, Ana-Maria Oprişoreanu, Markus Westphal, Özge Çark, Daniela Zöller, Josi Arnold, Anja Bretschneider, Alisa Hnatiuk, Nikolay Ninov, Catherina G. Becker, Thomas Becker

PLOS Biology: published June 18, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003865

Estrogen impacts NOD2-dependent regulation of intestinal homeostasis

Mckenna Eklund, Edan Foley

PLOS Biology: published June 9, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003766

Smoothened and ciliary GPCRs regulate ciliary protein kinase A activity involved in Hedgehog signal transduction

Thi D. Nguyen, Mia J. Konjikusic, Lorenzo M. Del Castillo, Roshanak Irannejad, Jeremy F. Reiter

PLOS Biology: published June 10, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003841

Engineered bipaternal mice reveal the consequences of life without a maternal genomic contribution

Si-Nan Ma, Fan Li, Yu-Long Zhao, Xue-Han Sun, Xue-Song Chen, Tian-Shi Pan, Qing-Tong Shan, Chao Liu, Gui-Hai Feng, Zhi-Kun Li, Qi Zhou, Wei Li

PLOS Biology: published June 25, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003871

Angptl5 restricts primitive hematopoiesis by promoting retinoic acid signaling in zebrafish

Jing Mo, Ding-Hao Zhuo, Min Gao, Ying Huang, Tao Cheng, Yang Dong, Yan-Yi Xing, Yun-Fei Li, Zi-Xin Jin, Xiang Liu, Guo-Qin Zhao, Hai-Rong Pu, Yu-Meng Liu, Li-Ping Shu, Peng-Fei Xu

PLOS Biology: published June 25, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003858

Longitudinal lineage tracing reveals early clonal attrition during Drosophila midgut aging

Han Gong, Kehui Liu, Shanjun Deng, Jinwen Wang, Xionglei He, Li Liu

PLOS Biology: published June 24, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003866

miR408-5p and miR408-3p cooperatively reduce cadmium uptake and accumulation in rice

Fuxi Rong, Yaqi Zhang, Fangrui Ni, Lantian Zhang, Mingxin Yu, Zheyuan Hong, Muhammad Fahad, Yuxin Shen, Chuanjia Liu, Shengke Tian, Dezhi Wu, Liang Wu

PLOS Biology: published June 2, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003811

Evolutionary analysis of transcription elongation factors reveals conserved and lineage-specific regulatory domains

Alex M. Francette, Aakash Grover, Nathan Clark, Karen M. Arndt

PLOS Biology: published June 15, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003855

Ubiquitin-proteasome system regulates pro-crossover protein dynamics during meiosis in Caenorhabditis elegans

Hongtao Zhang, Wenqing Liang, Meng Li, Yuejun Yang, Lei He, Wencong Nan, Guoteng Liu, Bin Wang, Ye Hong

PLOS Biology: published June 16, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003868

Disrupting phage liquid crystalline droplets restores antibiotic susceptibility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms

Abul K. Tarafder, Miles Graham, Luke K. Davis, Shawna Pratt, Jan Böhning, Pavithra Manivannan, Zhexin Wang, Camila M. Clemente, Aaron Weimann, R. Andres Floto, Raymond J. Owens, George A. O’Toole, Philip Pearce, Tanmay A. M. Bharat

PLOS Biology: published June 5, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003834

Short Reports

Normative assembly rule reveals fairness in microbial communities

Teemu Kuosmanen, Juhani Rantanen, Dovydas Kičiatovas, Sanna Pausio, Ville-Petri Friman, Teppo Hiltunen, Ville Mustonen

PLOS Biology: published June 24, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003872

Distinct sources of decision-related signals in visual cortex are represented in different local field potential bands

Yueyue Sapphire Hou, Pooya Laamerad, Liu D. Liu, Christopher C. Pack

PLOS Biology: published June 22, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003873

Learning engages transient and sustained cellular mechanisms in the human brain

Guillermina Griffa, Marco Palombo, Abraham Yeffal, Hong-Hsi Lee, Agustin Solano, Susie Y. Huang, Valeria Della-Maggiore

PLOS Biology: published June 18, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003861

Metabolic organization of macaque visual cortex reflects visual field topography and perceptual specialization

Hiroki Oishi, Vladimir K. Berezovskii, Margaret S. Livingstone, Kevin S. Weiner, Michael J. Arcaro

PLOS Biology: published June 8, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003847

Sleep deprivation increases levels of the synaptic density marker SV2A in the human brain

David Elmenhorst, Anna L. Foerges, Ali Gordji-Nejad, Eva-Maria Elmenhorst, Tina Kroll, Andreas Matusch, Simone Beer, Bernd Neumaier, Philipp Krapf, Christoph Lerche, Alexander Drzezga, Andreas Bauer

PLOS Biology: published June 23, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003816

Multiple adhesion molecules act together in oligodendrocyte-mediated axonal selection and myelin formation

Swathi Radha, Martina Arends, Georg Kislinger, Agata Rhomberg, Martina Schifferer, Minou Djannatian, Mikael Simons

PLOS Biology: published June 25, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003854

Growth arrest of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in acidic environments enhances their survival of antibiotic treatment

Eun Seon Chung, William C. Johnson, Maliwan Kamkaew, Timothy A. Fitzgerald, Morgan E. McNellis, Trever C. Smith II, Srinivasan Vijay, Nguyen Thuy Thuong Thuong, Shumin Tan, Bree B. Aldridge

PLOS Biology: published June 22, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003857

Argonaute 2 drives resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in immunorefractory non-small cell lung cancer

Dario Pasquale Anobile, Layla Barbar, Emile Maucotel, Alexis Cornec, Valeria Manriquez, Wilfrid Richer, Jordan Denizeau, Christine Sedlik, Charlie Bories, Elodie Couderc, Renaud Leclere, Judith Sobas, Emeline Papillon, Rafael Mena Osuna, Jimena Tosello-Boari, Marianne Burbage, Eliane Piaggio, Enzo Z. Poirier

PLOS Biology: published June 18, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003860

Phenotypic heterogeneity optimizes trade-offs during adaptive deployment of the type VI secretion system

Boris Taillefer, Florian Schattenberg, Thierry Doan, Susann Müller, Eric Cascales

PLOS Biology: published June 4, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003838

Splicing deficiency is driven by genomic erosion in non-recombining algal mating-type chromosomes

Chris Condon, Andrea Galvez, Alexander Kramer, Landen Gozashti, Chris Vollmers, Manuel Ares Jr., Russell Corbett-Detig

PLOS Biology: published June 25, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003823

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Discovery Report

Animal acoustic communication has a conserved optimal rhythm within the neural delta range

Theophane Piette, Chundra Cathcart, Chiaria Barbieri, Keesha Martin Ming, Didier Grandjean, Balthasar Bickel, Eloïse Déaux, Anne-Lise Giraud

PLOS Biology: published June 9, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003798

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  1. Do delta waves in the receiver’s brain explain slow tempos of animal communication signals?

Update Article

IntAct-U-ExM enables super-resolution imaging of isoform-specific actin networks across species

Anubhav Dhar, Sucheta Dey, Sanjana Mullick, Nishant Kumar Suman, Maxime C. van Zwam, Nishaant Kumar Palani Balaji, Angana Ghosh, Deepak Nair, Koen van den Dries, Sudarshan Gadadhar, Saravanan Palani

PLOS Biology: published June 12, 2026 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003832

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